Some basic things you can check... plug a land line handset in to your ADSL line. Meaning, unplug the ADSL line from your modem directly in to your handset lift the receiver, dial a digit and listen to the open line. It should be clear with no crackling (Although this doesn't necessarily indicate nothing's wrong - see below).
If there is crackling, check that all the connections to the wall socket are correctly plugged in. Unplug them, blow out any dust, plug them back in. Ensure the plugs are securely in the socket.
If you've done that and there is STILL crackling on the line, it may be caused by loose connections anywhere on the cable between your house and the exchange. After logging four or five faults at telkom for crackling issues, I eventually had a diligent tech take a look at all the connections, and found a box up a pole somewhere up the road that had loose wires. After he secured them, my line was 100% stable. Any subsequent crackling issues I've had have been related to my in-house connection points, but they were easy to fix, as above.
Even if you have no crackling, your issues MAY be caused by the lightning protection. My in-laws have a 1mb line. Connection was TERRIBLE. ADSL stats indicated CRC errors on the line like crazy, which usually was a sign of crackling or other interference. The line was crystal clear though. Many tickets logged with Telkom, it just didn't get resolved. Until one day recently, I popped over to replace their old Marconi modem with something a bit more recent. Their old Marconi power brick also had a lightning protection filter, so the phone line also passed through it. I decided to use the same cable via the lightning protection block for convenience (ie, I was too lazy to crawl under the desk). I ended up with pretty much the same issue - the line would sync, but terrible connection rate, CRC errors. It was so bad that the new ISP account wasn't able to authenticate. After checking all the connections, I decided to try a new phone cable, in case there was something wrong with the old one. Plugged in a new cable directly into the wall socket (and since it was a new cable, it bypassed the lightning protection/power block of the old modem), and everything worked! It seems that something (probably a power surge of some kind) had damaged the lightning protection unit. It still worked - at least in terms of passing some part of the signal through - but it was obviously messing with some of the ADSL frequencies, thereby causing a terrible connection. I could've kicked myself that I hadn't bypassed the lightning protection unit before this. You live and learn.
Anyway, hope this stupid story helps someone at least.