By Mini reactors, if you mean SMRs, this is still not widely available. Only China and Russia have actually built them so far (first one was built in 2020). Other countries are planning to build them, but funding has been hampered over the years.
Historically, the main reason why there haven't been more nuclear reactors is because of the fearmongering and lobbying by environmental groups, usually on weak scientific grounds. This doesn't only affect the political decision to build nuclear power plants, but they also put pressure on organisations that fund them meaning that funding is hard to come by (and therefore expensive).
I wouldn't say there's anything the scientists don't understand about it. Perhaps many in the public don't fully understand it and that's why the fearmongering has been so successful.
The biggest problem facing nuclear today is the economics. A nuclear plant takes an average of 11 - 12 years to produce with the first unit being online only after 8 years or more (although this is what SMRs aim to solve). That means for at least 8 years, there is no money coming in. If you invest in a renewables plant, you start receiving money as soon as you've connected the first turbine or panel which can be months into the build. Also, funding is cheaper and more widely available for renewables.
New reactor designs are a lot safer than older ones, there is a bigger focus on passive controls: