Aus has medicare but you need to think of these things as a safety net. For instance if you get into a car accident you will be admitted and receive surgery or whatever most likely straight away. However, to give an example of where it fails, a guy at my work has a GF who needs surgery because she injured her thigh. She has had to quit her job as a restaurant manager as she can't stand for too long anymore and she is on the waiting list for surgery; she doesn't even have a date yet. This means she could effectively be out of work that she is qualified to do for years. It's for this reason that I have private hospital cover in case of something like this so I can a) pick my surgeon and b) pick my date instead of being on a waiting list. There are other caveats though. If I need emergency medical attention it is easier to tell them I have no private cover if they will treat me immediately as then most/all of it will be covered by medicare, while if I go in for the same thing and tell them I have private cover, the private cover will pay their rates and I will be billed the rest as a private client. What they refer to as "extras" here (day-to-day doctor, specialists, optometry, dentistry etc) is an absolute waste of cash and you get nothing for it. Went to the dentist last year August, got a teeth clean and a filling. Of the $500 bill, medical paid $30. My extras cover cost more than that each month.