Interview Today by eNCA with Prof Karim. Cut short unfortunately by cutting away to Malema's nonsense.
Qn: Why send kids to school?
1. Most other countries are easing their LDs when infections are going down.
2. SA easing the LD when our infections are going up.
3. SA cannot sustain a long-term LD because our cases are likely to rise for several more weeks if not months.
4. What we have is a clearer understanding of now is that children are less susceptible to this virus.
5. If they do become ill it is a milder form, often asymptomatic.
6. Very deaths as a result of children.
7. The disease is relatively safe in children.
8. Do see occasional illnesses in children, but rare, mild and they do recover.
9. Therefore, no reason not to send children to school.
Qn: How are we doing in SA?
1. Overall epidemic [not Prof does NOT talk about a pandemic, I find that significant] in SA is a growing one, with WC leading followed by EC.
2. Cases are rising at a slower but increasing rate in the rest of the country.
3. The epidemic is going to pace itself differently in each province.
4. WC ahead, EC following, because of the communication between the WC and the EC.
5. GP will follow and then the rest.
6. No province will escape an increase.
Qn: Without natural immunity or a vaccine almost everyone may be at risk. In terms of weekly trends and testing, what has SA picked up?
1. Massive difference between SA and most other countries especially the BRICS countries.
2. Most countries in the first 90 days had exponentially growing cases and large numbers of deaths.
3. SA has managed to keep a lid on the overall epidemic.
4. It is growing but at a much lesser rate than elsewhere.
5. SA has a lower death rate as well.
6. The health system so far has coped by and large.
7. We have flattened the curve successfully so far.
8. We will not see as many deaths as seen in other countries.
Qn: Test we are doing over 920 000. Can you fully recover clinically but still have the virus in you?
1. This has been well described.
2. We know that when a person becomes infected, for the first 5- 7 days, the incubation period, they don't have symptoms.
3. Then for two weeks thereafter, they may have symptoms and we will continue to find live virus present if they are tested.
4. The test is +ve from about day 3 to about days 14-21.
5. After about 8 to 10 days infectiousness is much lower and after day 14, most people will no longer be infectious.
6 Even if we still find the virus present, it is not live, bound to antibodies and it is not infectious.
Qn: About social distancing distance and should we take airborne transmission more seriously?
1. 3 ways in which the virus spreads.
a. Direct exposure to little droplets. Become infected if exposed to those droplets.
b. Indirect exposure when droplets contaminate a surface, esp metals, the virus can survive for a long time. Touching the surface and then touching face etc, and get exposure that way.
c. Airborne transmission. Aerosols and virus can become airborne.
2. All three are important, but airborne much less so.
a. Based on household contact studies.
b. People living in close proximity, exposed to the virus, but do not get infected.
3. Direct Spreading reduced with social distancing and 1 meter is a good compromise.
4. Indirect Spreading reduced with regular cleaning of surfaces.
Qn: Race for a vaccine. Manufacture before they know it works while research is still underway. Is this a good approach?
1. Everything we normally do with vaccines is out of the window.
2. Normally take many years. Vaccines are not quick solutions.
3. In covid, we have changed the approach. 14 - 15 trials underway, 2 results released.
4. Must ensure the vaccine will generate an immune response which generates antibodies.
5. Large studies are planned, 10's of thousands of people all over the world. Half with the real vaccine, the other half with a placebo, and then check the rates of antibody formation in the two groups.
6. Can't wait for the outcomes, must at risk start manufacture anyway.
Qn: Testing: Have a test, wait 5 days. Does that make it null and void?
1. No, not completely but the delays and backlogs are a problem.
2. Shortage of test kits all over the world.
3. 15 million kits a month for the next 6 months secured for African countries, we will get a share.
4. Backlog problem is the turn around time.
a. For clinical patients it is critical that the tests are done and completed quickly - we need to know so that the correct treatment can be given.
b. Community testing for control purposes it is not as critical.
c. As soon as we take a swab from somebody, they are called a person under investigation. (PUI)
d. They must self-quarantine immediately.
e. Still take 2-3 days to get a result. If you test +ve you would have to quarantine for 14 days anyway so why not start immediately?
The Malema "breaking news" interrupted the interview.