R2k/pm plus fees, the enablement of tax collection, the ability for drivers to overcharge as the feel fit, all these factors tell me this particular cashless attempt is also set to fail.
A friend and I recently sat for ages discussing who would succeed in this space with cashless.
Ultimately we landed on: either nobody, or a system that doesn't charge fees per transaction, could possibly be app based for NFC enabled phones or (ultimately) cheap terminals that could eventually come to market at once off fees where they pay for their own SIM cards, where the cash collected is quickly and easily accessible to drivers and owners, and possibly a data-free companion app for commuters to get basic information about their taxi such as is it on time for the route it generally follows (without realtime tracking on a map for safety, though perfect world that would be great), their transaction history, and a hassle free scan, tap, or find and pay by taxi ID option in the app.
The companion app serving ads could fund a lot of the services and potentially make up for the lack of transaction fees and potentially device fees for select fleets/drivers.
A companion app for taxi owners or fleet owners to monitor their taxis in near real-time, monitor income, potentially communicate with their drivers if necessary, and more.
Dropping as many transactional fees as possible is the only way to convince the drivers and owners. Not to mention the riders. They cannot afford any further fees directly by the system nor can they afford the risk that the drivers/owners up prices to make up for the fees if charged to them.
The biggest blocker of all is tax.
Cash allows many, granted not all, but many owners to either never declare or under declare income when approached by tax collection.
Having this system reduces their ability to save and make more money.
The only avenue this potentially makes them more money is by possibly opening them (back) up to commuters who have moved away from taxis because they don't want to deal with cash or for safety reasons but also still find it more affordable to use a taxi than their alternative.
It may also become a necessity as banks and government force citizen's into a banked world with digital payments and cash free environments.
I just don't see the tax blocker being avoided in any implementation of these cashless systems (for good and legal reasons of course) but it's simply not an option for many of these taxi operators.