That says a lot. Even SSD can't make use of SATA 3.0 bandwidth yet so it's no wonder it never took off with even USB2.0 fast enough for most external drives.
Sustained Data Rates up to 559MB/s Read, 527MB/s Write
http://eshop.macsales.com/shop/SSD/OWC/Mercury_Extreme_Pro_6G/
Better SSDs are capable of such speeds. So yes, a 6Gb/sec max will be able to handle that, 5Gb/sec may not.
Oh, never mind a RAID-0 arrangement of two such SSD drives.
Actually the eSATA and USB 3 speeds are in Gb/sec - gigabits, so divide by 8. Sorry it's not GigaBytes per sec. The eSATA will still be beneficial for an SSD as above, and especially a RAID-0 of such drives.
USB also reserves some b/w for overhead so the effective speed is lower than a full 5 Gb/sec, while eSATA does not. Also external drive cases when connected by USB have to translate SATA to USB as the drive is connected by a SATA connection to the external drive. That can cost in terms of data transfer speed. eSATA connection will be a "RAW" SATA connection through a cable to the drive, the way the drive was connected internally.
Of course Thunderbolt is 10Gb/sec. But it's more expensive.