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You haven't giving much details of the host machine or guest(virtual box machine) or version of Fedora but assuming you have used vm's before i would suggest the installation iso might be the problem try download a new iso from the Fedora website.
With what are you mounting the ISO?
I had problems like that before. I find it works better to mount the ISO with something like PowerISO and let Virtualbox boot from the virtual drive.

Is the following enabled on the VM under the system section?: "I/O APIC" and "PAE/NX"
EDIT: And sorry, I see I use UltraISO, don't know why I said poweriso
32 or 64 bit version of fedora?
Long shot....I see your virtual drive is a fedora.VHD, maybe try a, generic linux, with a fixed VDI drive.
Long shot....I see your virtual drive is a fedora.VHD, maybe try a, generic linux, with a fixed VDI drive.
1. Install CentOS-7 - Minimal (First entry point in list)
2. yum groupinstall "X Window System"
3. yum install gnome-classic-session gnome-terminal nautilus-open-terminal control-center liberation-mono-fonts
4. unlink /etc/systemd/system/default.target
5. ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/graphical.target /etc/systemd/system/default.target
6. reboot
ElementaryOS is also small....and nice