A cycle test for a 3.2V 100Ah LiFePO4 cell evaluates its longevity and capacity retention over hundreds or thousands of charge-discharge repetitions. The test typically follows industry standards (e.g.,
IEC 62619 or
UN38.3) to determine when a battery reaches its "End of Life," usually defined as the point where capacity drops to
80% of its original rating.
1. Standard Cycle Procedure
A single cycle in a laboratory test generally consists of four sequential phases:
- Constant Current (CC) Charge: The cell is charged at a standard rate, typically 0.5C (50A), until it reaches the upper cut-off voltage of 3.65V.
- Constant Voltage (CV) Charge: The voltage is held at 3.65V while the current gradually tapers down. Charging stops once the current falls to a minimum threshold (e.g., 0.02C or 2A).
- Rest Period: The cell sits idle for 10 to 60 minutes to allow chemical and thermal stabilization before discharging.
- Discharge: The cell is discharged at a constant rate (e.g., 0.5C or 1C) until it reaches the lower cut-off voltage, typically 2.5V for a full 100% Depth of Discharge (DoD) test.