Low Power Desktop PC

Lope

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I recently built myself a low power server with a Gigabyte G31 motherboard and a 45nm C2D celeron underclocked and undervolted as low as it will stably go.
(gigabyte boards are great for low power)
Whats nice is it doesn't use much more power than an atom, but it can perform if needed.
It draws 49W from the plug at idle, and I've got it running 3 virtual machines, one for each person at home, it also runs a skype phone.
Its great.

I've been wanting to build a low power PC for myself for a while now. My desktop is old (C2D E4400 overclocked from 2ghz to 3ghz) and idles at about 220W from the wall!
(it uses an old mobo, cheap PSU and a 7900GT that's never used for games)
I tend to have my PC on a lot and don't do CPU intensive stuff often, so I'm willing to accept less performance for low power. (or at least I think I am. I find my atom netbook to be slow at times, so I'm not sure if E350 will be enough)
I probably don't notice the CPU intensive stuff at the moment (photoshop or compiling code) because the C2D is quite capable.

I have 3 monitors running 1920x1080; So whatever system I build, it needs to have tripple output.
Either tripple onboard VGA (I don't think thats out yet), or the onboard VGA must work simultaneously with a PCI-E gfx card.
Before any smart-alics say my 3 monitors use a lot of power, I don't run them all unless I'm doing a lot of multi-tasking. My center LCD is LED backlight, uses less power than the other two.

So my choices are:
* Gigabyte G31 motherboard (ongoard gigabit LAN) with C2D underclocked and undervolted. (plenty of performance)
Then I'll add a USB3 card & Gfx Card.
I already have everything for this build, but I could use the parts elsewhere.
* E350 with graphics card, (should idle using 10W less [I'd guess]) but the slowness is likely to get to me.

After writing this thread I've convinced myself to go for the UcUv C2D G31 system.
But I'm still interested in comments.

By the way the G41 chipset uses about 10-15W more than the G31, generally; and theres not much benefit if you're not playing games.
Although G31 boards are scarce now.

BTW rectron still don't have any E-350 stuff...?

I really believe in having 2 PCs, one for games, and one for day to day stuff. Its such a waste of power having a games PC running all the time.

One interesting thing I've noticed. Most atom mini-itx motherboards idle at about 30W. But I've measured my netbook's power draw from 220V and IIRC it was like half that! I was amazed. netbooks are optimised for low power. Motherboards are optimised for low cost.
To be fair, motherboards generally have a lot more IOs than netbooks (PCI-E slot, more SATA & USB ports, LPT, Serial etc)
If you really want a low power desktop, use a netbook with external monitor.
But atom is bad enough on a netbook, I wouldn't want to use it day in and day out.
Imagine the extra overhead of running 2 USB-DVI converters! SLOOOW system.

Its an interesting compromise. Performance vs power usage.

For an ultra-cool low power system, you can get AMD Geode 500mhz boards, which draw 1A at 5V (5W power consumption). They're of course low spec (probably 256mb ram). But geez, if you need a simple server thats perfect. Unfortunately they're scarce and very expensive.
I'm looking forward to seeing the new AMD Zacate/bobcat low spec boards, and more info on power consumption (for server applications).

This might be of use to some people reading this Cheap AMD 4 drive NAS for R1300
 
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A question comes to mind when reading 1/4 through your post.... why are you so concerned about how much power a Pc uses? and I agree with the choice you made. Your post is mostly jumbled up in a mix of facts, statements and a question, this is most likely the reason why no one has replied yet. :)
 
I'm also interested in low power PCs, mostly for heat dissipation reasons. A cool chip and board will last forever (not that I've ever had a chip fail), so low TDP is great for servers that stay on 24/7. HTPCs need to be very quiet, if not silent, which means fewer fans and low TDP. Office PCs can be energy efficient, so why not make them that way (no heat buildup concerns).

My thoughts on servers: Go Atom. I've got a small server running on a D410 Atom chip (single core, 1.66 GHz) and it idles most of the time. An efficient OS (like a GUI-free Linux) will run fine on an Atom for most home and SME tasks. The CFi ACD2 case I chose is small, but runs a bit hot (internal PSU, 1 x 40mm fan), so I think I'll install the second (optional) 40mm fan, when I can find one. An added bonus is the price - under R1600 all in - case, chip & board, RAM, HDD and delivery to my door. When the more powerful Atoms (like the 2 core, 1.8 GHz, D525) become available, they should take over the small server market, unless the server designer is being a snob.

on HTPCs: The i3 2100T has a TDP of 35W max. This should fit into a small form factor case (like the Coolermaster Elite 100, 150W PSU), and still give you the processing grunt you need. You might even be able to ditch the chip fan in favour of a nice heatsink. You'll have to import the heatsink, I haven't seen any locally. Of course the i5 2390T is a much better choice, keeping the 35W TDP, while increasing the processing power, but those are as scarce as hens teeth, and the situation doesn't look like it's going to improve any time soon. if you want more power, the i5 2500T is slightly hotter (45W TDP), and slightly less scarce (still have to import, I think).

on office PCs: I think the faster Atoms are the way to go here. The cases are tiny, the heat buildup is much lower and they're very power efficient (so lower capital and running costs for A/C and UPSs). Again, you should be able to build one for under R2000. If you've got the time, customise a Linux distro to do your bidding (it can be done), if you haven't, Windows should run fine if it's configured properly.

Lope, I can't suggest anything for your three monitor setup. You'll just have to find a normal sized case, put in an efficient PSU and GFX card and run one of the new "T" chips. I don't see any reason to go for old tech; current tech is much more efficient. You'll get way below 100W, but to get down to below 50W is going to be a challenge. Still, it's better than 220W.
 
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220W from the wall @ idle is ridiculous. My i7 940 @ 2.93GHz with 2x GTX 460's is idling at 120W from the wall, but this is because at idle, the CPU is running at 1.6GHz.

You should be able to get AMD graphics cards that will allow you to run 3 monitors simultaneously, where most (if not all?) Nvidia cards are limited to only 2.

The i3 2100T would make a very powerful low powered server, but it would also cost you a pretty penny for the CPU + motherboard.

I quite like the following: intel 525MW Mount Washington @ R764: Retail pack , mini-iTX - all-in-one mb with Integrated Intel Atom D525 dual-core cpu - dual-core with hyper threading , 4-threads ( 1.8Ghz , 1mb L2 cache ) , intel NM10 chipset with CiRA , 2x so-dimm DDR3 , 2 x s-ata2, on-board GMA 3150 VGA - D-sub , no tv-out , gigabit lan , 5.1 audio; 1x pci , 1x pci express mini card , no pci-e(16x) , with parallel + com/serial port + 1 com /serial header , mini-iTX - 3 years warranty.
Product info page = http://www.intel.com/cd/products/services/emea/eng/motherboards/desktop/D525MW/overview/453835.htm
Intel Atom D525 (13W TDP) info page = http://ark.intel.com/Product.aspx?id=49490

You can even get an Intel Atom motherboard + CPU for like R433 - eg. intel 410PT PackTown !

I really find it silly to get a low powered server/PC when you'll have to pay more than R2k for it, because the amount that you'll save on the electricity bill will never cover its cost - unless you run that PC for 100 years :p

Where can I find an affordable mini-itx case & PSU?
 
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Thanks Ponder & Drunkard.

I've just ordered CFi 6719 Mini-ITX case and Zotac ZT-NM10-BE. This Zotac motherboard seems pretty impressive, given that it has 802.11n, Gigabit LAN, PCI-E 16x + 1x slots, 4 SATA + 1 eSATA slots, 10 USB slots, 5.1 Audio (with optical out too) and HDMI + VGA out! The integrated Intel Atom D510 is a 1.6GHz dual core with HT, which seems pretty impressive as well. I can't wait to get my home server running.

Now I just have to see if I can get old 1GB DDR2 modules at my office and a slim DVD drive from a broken laptop :D
 
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I already got the components delivered to my office this afternoon :D

It was quite a tight fit in that CFi 6719 case, so it took me a while to get everything assembled.

There are a few bad things that I have to mention about these 2 items that I bought:
1) The Zotac didn't come with a 90W AC/DC adapter like the description said
2) The CFi case didn't come with a power cord, but it did include a power adapter. Luckily I have lots of PC power cables lying around
3) The CFi case comes with only 1x 40mm fan that is placed on the side, so the Atom's chipset and CPU heatsinks get virtually no airflow and hence gets very hot

I've now temporarily just placed the 40mm fan inside the case, and now the heatsinks stay cool. Where can I get more of these tiny 40mm fans?

I'm currently busy installing Ubuntu 10.04 LTS x64 desktop, which I'm going to use as HTPC + server, where I'll also be running MikroTik in VirtualBox.
 
So far I haven't been able to download (384kbps ADSL FTL) & compile all the necessary graphics related drivers for Ubuntu 10.10, so I haven't managed to play 1080p x264 rips without heavy delays yet. The PC (1x 1.5TB 3.25" 5900rpm HDD, 2x 40mm far, Zotac ZT-NM10-BE & CFi 6719 Mini-ITX's 60W PSU) plays 720p videos just fine.

The power consumption figures that I've recorded until now was:
minimum: 29W / 57VA
average: 34W / 67VA
maximum: 40W / 73VA

I found another 40mm fan at my parents' home, but it's still not really enough, seeing that the temperatures still reach like 42'C.
 
So far I've managed to download at 28MB/s from the proftpd server using my brother's laptop and a single thread, because that's the limit that 1 CPU thread can provide.
With 2 threads, I've the speed increased to about 45MB/s, and with 3 threads the speed dropped to like 15MB/s again, due to the hard drive not being able to cope ;)

So far I'm quite impressed, except that I can't seem to find a nice remote desktop server for KDE/Gnome.
 
I'm convinced that with the new Atoms you can build a general office PC for well under R 2000. Good to see more people looking at them as an option, because otherwise Intel might stop developing them. As a SME server, they're perfect. What are you using yours for? Those power figures look like they need some serious power factor correction. Pity these small PSUs are such crap- I cant even find an 80plus PSU under 200W. Hopefully more efficient units will become available, because in my Atom server, the PSU generates a lot more heat than the chip.
 
Yup, the CFi 60W PSU can definitely do with PFC, especially since it's hooked onto my APC UPS. I still have to check what the power consumption is of my ADSL modem + Buffalo Gigabit router + Atom PC + UPS. I'm very tempted to get like a 300W 80% efficient PSU and a case to place all the routers in, but the antennas are going to be bit of an issue :(

I currently use my Intel Atom PC to download series (not that there is any to watch the next month), act as a NAS & multimedia center, and I also run squid proxy server and MikroTik RouterOS on it to split traffic and perform QoS.

I'm not sure if an Intel Atom PC will be suitable as an office PC, unless all the applications can utilise like 4 threads, because the applications very easily max out 1 CPU thread.
 
why are you so concerned about how much power a Pc uses?
I intend to go off the grid eventually, power costs money and I like to have certain PCs on all the time, so it interests me.

Your post is mostly jumbled up in a mix of facts, statements and a question
Your post is mostly an observation and a question :)

I'm convinced that with the new Atoms you can build a general office PC for well under R 2000.
I'm looking forward to seeing the low cost AMD Zacate CPUs coming out. That 350 model is top of the range.

minimum: 29W / 57VA
average: 34W / 67VA
maximum: 40W / 73VA
Well done! geez, with a 3.5" HDD. Does not seem right. Did you measure current with a True RMS DMM?[/QUOTE]

Pity these small PSUs are such crap- I cant even find an 80plus PSU under 200W.
I agree. Probably the most efficient option is to run a DC-DC PSU (over 90% efficient) and a laptop style power brick. U can buy them at mp3car.com.

Pada: the 300W 80+ PFC PSU is not a bad idea. 80% says that the psu must be 80% efficient at 20% 50% and 80% of max load. So 20% of 300W is 60W. If your PC draws 40W and router 10W, you're almost there. If you don't mount the router inside u can always run a pwr cable out of it. If u want to mount the router inside u can use a router with detachable antennas and get a antenna with a cable (eg: mag base). or u can open open the router and get a MMCx to RP-SMA pigtail and plug that into the router's PCB and then mount the SMA connector on the case to the outside.

I just had a cool brainwave :)
This problem you guys have raised (no low power 80+ PSUs available) is significant... but I've just come up with a sool solution for Desktop use :)
A low power Atom/Zacate will pull about 30W.
Many LED monitors (like LG for example) run on 12V and have an external power brick. I think the 15" LCDs (or whatever is smallest) pull 18W. My 23" LED LG (fullHD) pulls up to 36W max IIRC. (3A at 12v)
So for desktop use, you can power the LCD from the PC's PSU, and get the PC's PSU closer to its 20% load (may be minimum for running efficiently, depending on the PSU).

I'm watching keenly to see what else comes out.
I'm still so blown away by the lower power usage of a netbook vs mini-itx atom.
 
Lope: I'm using the Voltcraft Energy Monitor 3000 to measure the electricity usage, which is a True RMS device, according to its specifications.
I'm very curious to know what the efficiency of the PSU is. My guess would be in the region of 70%, which would that the PC is actually using less than 24W on average.
I find it silly that Intel didn't include SpeedStep technology in the Intel Atom that I've got.

Unfortunately the Buffalo WZR-HP-G3000NH that I use doesn't have detachable antennas, and I'm not that keen on opening up the router either. I have to say that I didn't think about opening up the router, which would probably be a good idea if I was going to integrate everything into a single case.

Integrating everything into a single case and getting a more efficient PSU will never repay itself, unless of course the price per kWh increases by 10 or 100 fold, in which case I'll have to sell my gaming PC, geyser and stove ;)
 
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