@marysms, if I understand your situation correctly, you put in an offer (with too long a period set for the seller to accept), and were not accepted as buyer, but later you were accepted as a back-up if the seller's chosen buyer, let's call her Sarah, couldn't raise a bond. You've now been told that Sarah has approval, in principal, of the bond, and now you'd like to know whether you can somehow force the seller to sell to you, because Sarah is taking longer than 30 days to get the bond available.
As I see it, sellers can sell to whomsoever they choose. This seller received an OTP from you, and from Sarah, as two hopeful buyers. Sarah's OTP may or may not have been at the same conditions as yours. Your OTP may state "has 30 days to get a bond, no automatic extension", but Sarah's OTP may state something else. Even if the two OTPs are identical, the seller and Sarah can agree some new terms and, as long as they reduce them to writing and both sign them, those extra terms are valid. This would be so, too, were you and the seller to want to redefine some parts of the OTP.
Up until the point of an owner's finally accepting your OTP, the owner can still do whatsoever they like with their property, including changing their mind about selling it at all, or selling it to someone else for a higher, the same, or even a lower price. Yes, that's legal and fully within their rights. It really is this: by putting in an OTP,
you bind yourself to the conditions of your OTP but since it is just an offer, you do not acquire any
rights. Merely by receiving your OTP, the seller is not bound in any way at all.
The part that stings, emotionally, and which is, in my opinion, unethical, is when a seller or, more usually, an agent, has been stringing the hopeful purchaser along, for example by tell you that it looks like the seller is poised to accept the OTP any minute now... but it's really all just bla bla bla, to keep the buyer emotionally hooked into the deal, and available, should the seller not accept Sarah's OTP, or should Sarah's bond not be granted.
As to your question: "can I take legal action if I really want the property?", no, that's not realistic because, for the reasons set out above, there isn't actually anything you could be claiming, since all you have is your OTP, not more than that, no contract with the seller, and so the seller is still completely free to choose to sell to Sarah, or to anyone else.
Nor, indeed, is it advisable (in general, though there may be exceptions) to take legal action about property deals. If the deal isn't going smoothly to start with, that already has something to do with poor understanding between the seller, agent and potential buyer. For those same disagreeing people to land up in court, oh, no, that's going to take a very long time, and use up a great deal of energy and money, and will most likely achieve very little. In effect, by taking legal action, either
- you'll get the property in the end, but it will cost you buckets more (legal fees, hours and hours' worth of paperwork, costs of delays such as temporary accommodation, etc.) than what you had initially planned to spend, and you may move in feeling bruised and with a bitter taste in your mouth, or
- you won't get the property and you'll have lost not only your dream property but also your litigation fees, which makes you poorer before you try to look for the next property.