Neoconservatism is a political movement that emerged as a rejection of liberalism and the New Left counter-culture of the 1960s. It was formulated in the 1950s, achieved its first victory in the nomination of Barry Goldwater as the Republican Presidential candidate in 1964[citation needed], and coalesced in the 1970s. It was influential in the Reagan administration, George H. W. Bush administration, and the George W. Bush administration. It represented a realignment in American politics and the defection of "an important and highly articulate group of liberals to the other side." Because the neoconservatives were familiar with liberalism, they were able to criticize it more effectively than previous generations of conservatives, and one of their accomplishments was "to make criticism from the right acceptable in the intellectual, artistic, and journalistic circles where conservatives had long been regarded with suspicion."
The term neoconservative was first used derisively by democratic socialist Michael Harrington to make clear that a group, many of whom called themselves liberal, was actually a group of newly conservative ex-liberals. The name eventually stuck, both because it was reasonably accurate, and because neoconservatives came to accept that they were, in fact, conservative. The idea that liberalism "no longer knew what it was talking about" became one of the central themes of neoconservatism, and by the 1980s, being considered a conservative was far from an insult.
Neoconservatism