Granted 10.9 introduced a few new problems with Gmail; however most of these were resolved by 10.9.2 (certainly for me; bwana's issue however is still not resolved)I can't use Gmail at all on Apple Mail.
Historically Gmail has always been a problem re it's non compliance with IMAP standards. Many of issues experienced with gmail are not only down to Apple introduced bugs, but also to bugs introduced by Google in it's non standard implementation of the IMAP standard.
Getting past this issue; you could either consider: waiting for Apple to fix the bugs (unlikely), Google to properly comply with the IMAP standard (unlikely), for Google to properly propose / publish a new IMAP standard, or switchover to another mail provider, for example: Microsoft, Apple, Yahoo and many others certainly don't have the gmail issues.
Btw I have 2 gmail accounts, and even though it has some issues, overall I have no major restrictions in using it on a regular basis.