SA population growth slowing - report August 02 2006
South Africa's population rate has slowed down over the last five years mainly due to declining fertility levels and rising Aids deaths, the national statistical chief said on Wednesday.
Statistician-general Pali Lehohla said the country of 47,4 million included approximately 24,1 million women, 15,3 million children under 15 and 3,7 million people older than 60.
He said population growth had decreased due to a slide in fertility levels from 2,86 children per woman in 2001 to 2,73 children this year as well as the impact of the HIV and Aids pandemic, Lehohla said in a report published by Statistics South Africa (Stats SA).
South Africa's health is none too rosy February 28 2001
However, in chapter after chapter, the authors warn that what few gains have been made in South African health care are likely to be eroded in the face of the Aids pandemic and new pressures imposed on health and other social services.
The stark levels of poverty in the society - in which an average of 22 percent of South African households are reported to go hungry each day - only serve to exacerbate the impact of a disease which attacks the body's immune system.
Statistics South Africa estimates that the life expectancy in 1996 was 52 years for men and 61,6 for women. The SA Medical Research Council estimates that as a result of the Aids epidemic, life expectancy has dropped from 63 in 1990, to 57 in 2000.
Projections estimate that by 2010, life expectancy will be 40 years - among the lowest in the world.
It is estimated that six million South Africans will die from Aids-related diseases in the next 10 years. But the review's authors argue that this need not be the case. Even at this late stage of the epidemic, they say there is room to limit the impact.
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Since 1997 there have been declines in public health funding and growing inequity in provincial resource allocation.
In recent years there has been a real increase in funding for public hospitals (which absorb almost two thirds of public health expenditure) but this has not resulted in increased staffing or outputs. The extra money is likely to have been spent on increased salaries and benefits.
Under-five mortality is an important indicator of child health. The SADH survey estimates that 61 children out of every 1 000 births dies under the age of five. The highest rate is in the Eastern Cape with 80,5 per 1 000 births, almost double the child mortality in the Western Cape, of 39 per 1 000.