A conventional charger has an output of 5 to 10 watts. A faster charger can improve that by up to eight times. For example, the
iPhone 11 Pro and Pro Max come with an
18-watt fast charger, the
Galaxy Note 10 and
Note 10 Plus have 25-watt chargers in their boxes.
Samsung will sell you an extra-speedy
45-watt charger for $50.
Unless there's some technical flaw with your battery or charger electronics, however, using a fast charger won't do your phone's battery any long-term damage.
Here's why. Fast-charging batteries work in two phases. The first phase applies a blast of voltage to the empty or nearly empty battery. This gives you that blazing charge of from 50% to 70% in the first 10, 15 or 30 minutes. That's because during the first phase of charging, batteries can absorb a charge quickly without major negative effects on their long-term health.
[...]
You know how it seems to take as long to fill up that last 20% or 30% of the battery as it does to charge the first 70% or 80%? That last part is the second charging phase, where phone-makers have to slow down and carefully manage the charging speed or else the charge process actually could damage the battery.
[...]
Arthur Shi, a tear-down engineer at the DIY repair site
iFixit, suggests imagining a battery as a sponge. When you first pour water onto a dry sponge, it absorbs liquid quickly. For a battery, this is the fast-charging phase.
As you continue to pour water onto the increasingly wet sponge at the same rate, the liquid will bead up on the surface as it fights to soak into the saturated sponge. For a battery, this unabsorbed charge can result in shorts and other issues that could potentially damage the battery.
We spoke to experts about overcharging, overheating, fast charging and how to extend your phone's battery life. Here's what we learned.
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