Caroline Lucas has asked 10 female politicians from all parties to join her in forming an "emergency cabinet" in a bid to stop a no-deal Brexit.
Writing in the Guardian, the Green Party MP said the all-women cabinet could "bring a different perspective".
Ms Lucas, whose party wants another Brexit referendum, said the aim would be to force a no-confidence vote in Prime Minister Boris Johnson.
She would then hope to form a "national unity government".
This arrangement - when a group of MPs of multiple parties choose to work together and form a government - has not been seen since the Second World War.
Women 'less tribal'
In her Guardian article, Ms Lucas - a former Green Party leader - said the national unity government would "press the pause button" and organise another referendum offering a choice between staying in the EU or the government's Brexit plan, whether that is an agreed deal or no deal.
"In my experience, women tend to be less tribal, they tend to find it easier to establish trust more quickly," she told BBC Radio 4's Today programme.
She also added that her proposed unity government would have to be led by a female Labour MP, as they would be representing the largest opposition party.
But her idea was criticised by International Trade Secretary Liz Truss, who tweeted: "Is there anything more sexist than claiming your gender determines your worldview/behaviour/attitude?"