Tbh, I doubt that they would stretch GPON to 20km in most cities, but that's official spec, most of the time <40km is still fine. Would still be a really strange/rare network design to do that though unless it's an isolated user that would probably make it cost prohibitive to deploy to.
Exactly, no modem.
Network equipment, yes, but due to the reduced amount of equipment, it will be easier to maintain (not necessarily cheaper as more experienced people in the DSL sector probably).
The actual copper vs fiber, the fiber doesn't degrade close to as quickly.
Most of the "issues" reported are bad network design/faulty equipment or in the case of Octotel, business practice.
Congestion in regards to that is a dumb argument, OpenServe has congestion as to how they did their business structure, the congestion at the exchange should be a lot better than before as newer equipment. In Cool Ideas thread, I think I saw PB mention that Telkom might finally charge the same as Teraco and stuff, on a 1/10/100Gbps port rather than a per Mbps cost.
GPON was originally rated as 1:1 up to 1:64, so they're following the spec...
2.5Gbps / 64 = ~40 Mbps, with overheads it will be ~2300/64 = ~35Mbps. How many users even have 100 Mbps connections? If they can save costs while still having the ability to move to 1:16 if needed without impacting users, why not?
At very high speeds, contention ratios don't matter as much/can go higher. I have a 100Mbps line, I think I maybe max it out for 10 minutes a day, the rest of the time I am probably maxing out at around 3-4Mbps as streaming a YouTube video or two in the house. Most users will burst their connection for a little bit and then not use it for a while, that's normal for consumption.
And I would love to know how you got ISP contention figures since that is a trade secret, competitors would easily gain an advantage based on that.
That's an interesting generalization, which I would love a source to.
If you're talking about the installers, that's not their jobs, they come to bring a wire into your house, splice it into the box and then activate it on the system.
The actual people who designed/built the system definitely know what they're doing.