Seeing as you're going the Node (and by extension probably Express) and Angular route, why not just add in MongoDB to the mix to go full MEAN stack? I think it will be easier to understand than throwing a whole new language (SQL) in the mix as well. Keep it full-stack JavaScript.
And regarding jQuery being obsolete, I wholeheartedly disagree. I've built some huge and complex web apps using jQuery as the workhorse providing an elegant SPA experience. Granted, I wrote many wrappers and custom model binding logic to get it all working, but once it was in place it was an absolute pleasure to roll out new modules and features to the apps. jQuery is probably the most mature, stable front-end library available and is by far the easiest for back-end developers to jump in and learn.
As great as client-side handling of all UI logic is, there are some risks associated with it that you might want to consider. If your rendering logic is handled only in the browser, then you'll potentially expose data that you might not want users to see. Any data that you need to handle rendering logic (for conditional field rendering etc) will be visible in the browser's network trace, so a user might see more data than is required. The principle of least privilege comes into play here.