NVME and SATA are different protocols used to communicate with SSDs. You should clarify and say SATA SSD vs NVME SSD.
SATA protocol is much slower and the SSDs / controllers included will be slower. NVME uses a much faster transfer protocol requiring more robust controllers and NAND. Both SATA SSD and NVME SSD use NAND memory.
Exploring two of the most popular data storage technologies available: NVMe and SATA.
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SSD = Solid State Storage. NVME and SATA SSDs are both solid state and both fall under the general term SSD.
Yes the random access (seek time) is in nanoseconds on the SSD vs miliseconds and sometimes seconds on mechanical HDDs and optical drives. If that accounts for the bulk of the delay, then upgrading from a SATA III HDD to SATA III SSD will account be a huge jump in performance. But SATA III SSDs will max out at about 550MB/sec. SATA III mechanical HDDs will max out at about 80-160MB/sec transfer speeds.