Fin24
Johannesburg - South Africa is heading towards a recession, although this should be considered in the context of nine years of sustained growth.
This is according to Dave Mohr, the chief economist at Citadel, who suggests a recession could set in within the next two years.
He says this would be a typical adjustment, however, following a long period of growth, as it has been nine years since the country's last recession.
Mohr says that before a recession becomes a reality in SA, five areas need to be considered: a world recession; a commodity price collapse; a capital flow shock; debt deflation and inflation.
Mohr says that there is little dispute that the USA is in a recession already. The question really is whether the rest of the world will follow the United States down that "recession road".
Given that emerging markets export around 60% of their industrial production to the developed world, and that emerging markets accounts for 40% of the real US dollar purchasing power, Mohr contends the world is very close to recession.
In terms of commodity prices, Mohr says that while these prices are still buoyant, they may be an artificial buoyancy, buoyed instead by hedge fund managers and pension funds that see commodities as an investment opportunity, and not by increased demand from countries.
On the issue of debt deflation, Mohr maintains that a common mistake is to compare the country's consumer indebtedness with that of developed countries. This is dangerous as consumers in developed countries earn significantly higher salaries, and they generally have assets that can be used to back-up their debt.
The rise in South Africans' inflation expectations is also a factor; economists have suggested that the country will only return into the 3% to 6% inflation-targeting zone in 2010.