How to set up a Server using Linux Server 8.10

Peder · Nov 19, 2008

Hi Guys this is my first little attempt at a server hope i can help someone in some way.

I adapted this tutorial from this webpage: http://www.howtoforge.com/ubuntu-home-fileserver-p3

Introduction:

First I want to say anything made in “” are to be changed to whatever name you want it to be.

I have used the sudo command as it is pointless opening root up as you can sometimes make mistakes and could make the server crash.

I also used the nano editor as it is easier to use.
With the nano Editor use Ctrl + X to Exit and Y to save.

1 Install Ubuntu Server 8.10 (should work with future versions too)

Just install the basics…

2 Configure The Network

Because the Ubuntu installer has configured our system to get its network settings via DHCP, we have to change that now because a server should have a static IP address. Edit using the code below.

Code:

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

and adjust it to your needs (in this example setup I will use the IP address 192.168.1.1):

Code:

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
 address 192.168.1.1
 netmask 255.255.255.0
 network 192.168.1.0
 broadcast 192.168.1.255
 gateway 192.168.1.254

Then restart your network:

Code:

sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

Then edit /etc/hosts.

Code:

sudo nano /etc/hosts

Make it look like this:

Code:

127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain   localhost
192.168.1.1	 server1.example.com     server1

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
ff02::3 ip6-allhosts#

6 Edit /etc/apt/sources.list And Update Your Linux Installation

Edit /etc/apt/sources.list.

Comment out or remove the installation CD from the file and make sure that the universe and multiverse repositories are enabled.

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

It should look like this:

Code:

#
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 7.10 _Gutsy Gibbon_ - Release i386 (20071016)]/ gutsy main restricted

#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 7.10 _Gutsy Gibbon_ - Release i386 (20071016)]/ gutsy main restricted
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.

deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## universe WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu security
## team.
deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy universe
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy universe
deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates universe
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy multiverse
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy multiverse
deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates multiverse
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'backports'
## repository.
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
# deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository. This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is
## offered by Canonical and the respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu
## users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu gutsy partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu gutsy partner

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security multiverse

Then run

Code:

apt-get update

to update the apt package database and

Code:

apt-get upgrade

to install the latest updates (if there are any).

7 Install Some Software

Code:

sudo apt-get install samba smbclient smbfs ntp ntpdate

Samba, SMBlient and SMBFS form the base of the home file server. NTP and NTPdate will keep the time synchronized.

8 Install an Extra HDD

First we need to find out what name Ubuntu has given to the extra hard disk:

Code:

sudo fdisk -l

You should get a listing of the hard drives installed on your PC. There will be a little paragraph for each one that will look like this:

Code:

Disk /dev/hda: 40.0 GB, 40020664320 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4865 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/hda1 * 1 4678 37576003+ 83 NTFS

In Windows disk drives are assigned an alphabet letter.The main hard drive was c:/. In Linux it’s kind of the same, but in a different format. All hard drives installed are listed in the ‘device’ or /dev directory. All drives start with theprefix “hd” ( ‘hard drive’). I will now show the steps to add hda1.

Some HDD’s are SCSI which will make it sda and so on

Now we create a mount point:

Code:

sudo mkdir /media/”name of point”

This mount point will get writable permissions for all users:

Code:

 sudo chmod 777 /media/"name of point"

The hard disk hda needs to be mounted:

Code:

sudo mount /dev/hda /media/”name of point”

This is a temporary mount. In order to do his automatically at every boot, we need to:

Code:

sudo nano /etc/fstab

The text editor window will appear with the fstab file loaded up. You will see something that looks kind of like this:

Code:

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
#
<file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/hda1 / ext3 defaults,errors=remount-ro 0 1
/dev/hda5 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/hdb1 /media/hdb1 ext3 defaults 0 0
/dev/hdc /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0
/dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto 0 0

All you have to do is add a new line for the new drive… I will add the following line to my fstab for my new drive:

Code:

/dev/hda1 /media/”name of point” ntfs defaults 0 0

To make the hard drive show up right now, without rebooting - just reload your fstab file with the following command:

Code:

sudo mount -a

9 Configure Samba
The Home File server must be visible in the home network. The default value is MSHOME. If your workgroup has a different name edit:

Code:

sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf

and change the line:

Code:

Workgroup = MSHOME

aswell as

Code:

Security = Share

Make the hard disk hda visible and writeable for all users, add the following lines to the bottom of smb.conf:

Code:

[“name of share”]
comment = “comment”
path = media/”name of point”
force user = “name of user, anything will do here”
force group = “name of user, anything will do here”
read only = no
guest ok = yes

Save and exit the nano editor and restart Samba:

Code:

Sudo /etc/init.d/samba force-reload

For home use one user name is sufficient. In this example I will add the user family:

Code:

sudo adduser Family

Fill in a password at the next prompt. Now you are able to access the share without any restriction.

Lord-Nikon · Nov 20, 2008

Very well done Peder!

You're getting the hang of this now

Peder · Nov 20, 2008

Thanx

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How to set up a Server using Linux Server 8.10

Peder

Hobbit

Lord-Nikon

Expert Member

Peder

Hobbit