So the very basic product is a (rough) cellphone hidden in a part of the car (location specified by manufacturer type).
This allows the cells to triangulate position and transmit the coordinates to the network and tracker company, who can then use a GPS to track the vehicle.
It seems like it but there's also this:
this is called sign posts,and there are thousands in sa and at sa borders.
I cannot say more about where they are and how they work
So I'm guessing there's some form of triangulation going on without involving the cell networks.