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International Agency for Research on Cancer
Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans
- Acetaldehyde (from consuming alcoholic beverages)
- Acheson process, occupational exposure associated with
- Acid mists, strong inorganic
- Aflatoxins
- Alcoholic beverages
- Aluminum production
- 4-Aminobiphenyl
- Areca nut
- Aristolochic acid (and plants containing it)
- Arsenic and inorganic arsenic compounds
- Asbestos (all forms) and mineral substances (such as talc or vermiculite) that contain asbestos
- Auramine production
- Azathioprine
- Benzene
- Benzidine and dyes metabolized to benzidine
- Benzo[a]pyrene
- Beryllium and beryllium compounds
- Betel quid, with or without tobacco
- Bis(chloromethyl)ether and chloromethyl methyl ether (technical-grade)
- Busulfan
- 1,3-Butadiene
- Cadmium and cadmium compounds
- Chlorambucil
- Chlornaphazine
- Chromium (VI) compounds
- Clonorchis sinensis (infection with), also known as the Chinese liver fluke
- Coal, indoor emissions from household combustion
- Coal gasification
- Coal-tar distillation
- Coal-tar pitch
- Coke production
- Cyclophosphamide
- Cyclosporine (ciclosporin)
- 1,2-Dichloropropane
- Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
- Engine exhaust, diesel
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (infection with)
- Erionite
- Estrogen-only menopausal therapy
- Estrogen-progestogen menopausal therapy (combined)
- Estrogen-progestogen oral contraceptives (combined) (Note: There is also convincing evidence in humans that these agents confer a protective effect against cancer in the endometrium and ovary)
- Ethanol in alcoholic beverages
- Ethylene oxide
- Etoposide
- Etoposide in combination with cisplatin and bleomycin
- Fission products, including strontium-90
- Fluoro-edenite fibrous amphibole
- Formaldehyde
- Haematite mining (underground)
- Helicobacter pylori (infection with)
- Hepatitis B virus (chronic infection with)
- Hepatitis C virus (chronic infection with)
- Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (infection with)
- Human papilloma virus (HPV) types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59 (infection with) (Note: The HPV types that have been classified as carcinogenic to humans can differ by an order of magnitude in risk for cervical cancer)
- Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1) (infection with)
- Ionizing radiation (all types)
- Iron and steel founding (workplace exposure)
- Isopropyl alcohol manufacture using strong acids
- Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) (infection with)
- Leather dust
- Lindane
- Magenta production
- Melphalan
- Methoxsalen (8-methoxypsoralen) plus ultraviolet A radiation, also known as PUVA
- Methyl-CCNU
- 4,4'-Methylenebis(chloroaniline) (MOCA)
- Mineral oils, untreated or mildly treated
- MOPP and other combined chemotherapy including alkylating agents
- 2-Naphthylamine
- Neutron radiation
- Nickel compounds
- N'-Nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)
- Opisthorchis viverrini (infection with), also known as the Southeast Asian liver fluke
- Outdoor air pollution (and the particulate matter in it)
- Painter (workplace exposure as a)
- 3,4,5,3',4'-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-126)
- 2,3,4,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran
- Pentachlorophenol
- Phenacetin (and mixtures containing it)
- Phosphorus-32, as phosphate
- Plutonium
- Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxin-like, with a Toxicity Equivalency Factor according to WHO (PCBs 77, 81, 105, 114, 118, 123, 126, 156, 157, 167, 169, 189)
- Processed meat (consumption of)
- Radioiodines, including iodine-131
- Radionuclides, alpha-particle-emitting, internally deposited (Note: Specific radionuclides for which there is sufficient evidence for carcinogenicity to humans are also listed individually as Group 1 agents)
- Radionuclides, beta-particle-emitting, internally deposited (Note: Specific radionuclides for which there is sufficient evidence for carcinogenicity to humans are also listed individually as Group 1 agents)
- Radium-224 and its decay products
- Radium-226 and its decay products
- Radium-228 and its decay products
- Radon-222 and its decay products
- Rubber manufacturing industry
- Salted fish (Chinese-style)
- Schistosoma haematobium (infection with)
- Semustine (methyl-CCNU)
- Shale oils
- Silica dust, crystalline, in the form of quartz or cristobalite
- Solar radiation
- Soot (as found in workplace exposure of chimney sweeps)
- Sulfur mustard
- Talc containing asbestiform fibres
- Tamoxifen (Note: There is also conclusive evidence that tamoxifen reduces the risk of contralateral breast cancer in breast cancer patients)
- 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD); "dioxin"
- Thiotepa
- Thorium-232 and its decay products
- Tobacco, smokeless
- Tobacco smoke, secondhand
- Tobacco smoking
- ortho-Toluidine
- Treosulfan
- Trichloroethylene
- Ultraviolet (UV) radiation, including UVA, UVB, and UVC rays
- Ultraviolet-emitting tanning devices
- Vinyl chloride
- Welding fumes
- Wood dust
- X- and Gamma-radiation
“I personally prefer the ‘big-Jim’ vaping device because when it’s properly secured in your butt, you can, like, ride around on your board while vaping without worrying about carrying it around. Its effects mimic that of weed when transmitted rectally so it is pretty much a legal alternative to pot, which is pretty dope bruh,” said Robert. “My ass is sore after a while, though, so I don’t recommend having the butt plug vaping thing in for more than a couple hours.
WAT ??
Been in that situation. I declined the invite.
Was the only thing to end 26 years of smoking misery for me.Anything other than clean air going in to your lungs is unsafe but vaping has done wonders to get many, many, many off of cigarettes. I DGAF what others think of people vaping, if they are getting off cigarettes that can only be a good thing.
is Poison, Poisonous?
Good luck finding clean air in 2019. An angry Swedish girl would like to have a word with you if you dare to disagree.Nothing that enters your lungs except clean atmosphere is safe , vaping is presumably more safe than smoking BUT you are the guinea pigs for the industry as we do not have the same amout of info that we do for cigs ,vape or cigs , both are hazards .............only one is an unknown.
What i meant was "natural" air , i tried not to upset all the polu/watch users , greta can go sail a boat which used mor than an airliner .Good luck finding clean air in 2019. An angry Swedish girl would like to have a word with you if you dare to disagree.
Good luck finding clean air in 2019. An angry Swedish girl would like to have a word with you if you dare to disagree.
She should go have her rant in China then.Sweden’s air quality is probably the best or at least top 5 in the world - I’d be angry too if someone had to mess with it.
is Poison, Poisonous?
Depends on the individual species.
Is vaping safe? No there are inherent risks to everything in life.
So you are saying people would choose bungee jumping over smoking?There's a difference between going bungee jumping or smoking and increasing your risk of getting cancer which you're stuck with for life. Both increase your risk of death but if the options and risks were clear, people would always choose the bungee jumping.